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Perception Analysis: Addressing the Needs of Children with Special Needs in Ghana

Issue Statement This report assesses the current state of infrastructure and support for children and persons with special needs in Ghana. It identifies significant gaps and proposes actionable initiatives by Affinity Access International (AAI) to address these challenges. Country Assessment Lack of Infrastructure Ghana faces a significant deficit in specialized facilities for children with special needs. This includes schools, clinics, and recreational centers necessary for their development and integration into society. Inadequate Wheelchairs There is a glaring shortage of wheelchairs, limiting the mobility and independence of children with mobility issues. Shortage of Speech and Language Therapists The country lacks an adequate number of speech and language therapists, which hampers the ability of children with communication disorders to improve their skills. Communication Barriers Guardians and children with special needs often encounter communication limitations, hindering effective interaction and understanding. This makes it challenging for guardians to cater to the specific needs of their children. Proposed Initiatives by AAI Therapy Sessions AAI will offer therapy sessions focused on helping children learn to talk and walk. These sessions will be conducted by trained professionals and tailored to the individual needs of each child. Educational Support and Activities AAI will serve as a beacon of hope by organizing after-school-hours programs for children with special needs. The program will engage them in a range of activities designed to enhance their skills, boost their confidence, and foster social interaction. Access to Specialized Facilities AAI will work to grant access to special clinics and recreational centers dedicated to the well-being of children with special needs. These facilities will provide a safe and supportive environment where children can receive the care and attention they need. By addressing these critical areas, AAI aims to improve the quality of life for children with special needs in Ghana. The initiatives outlined in this report are designed to provide these children with the opportunities and resources they deserve, ensuring they lead fulfilling and productive lives while fostering greater societal awareness and inclusion.

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Finding Strength: Monica’s Journey with her son, Michael

Monica, a young Ghanaian woman, faces significant challenges raising her son, Michael, who has cerebral palsy. Saddened by his condition, Monica has to perform all his daily tasks, such as brushing his teeth, bathing, and feeding him. This constant care puts an immense strain on her. Initially, an unnamed woman helped Monica arrange for some therapy at home, but due to financial constraints, she had to discontinue it. Frequent visits to the Okomfo Anokye Teaching Hospital became financially unsustainable, and the advice to see a neurologist proved too expensive. This left Monica to manage Michael’s care alone. Michael’s communication is minimal. He barely responds to inquiries and cannot express preferences for food or other choices. Occasionally, he tries to recite numbers and the alphabet with his mother, making a considerable effort when he is in a good mood. On other days, he does not participate at all. Monica has been trying to enroll him in a speech therapy program but has not been successful. Constantly carrying Michael has taken a toll on Monica’s health. She experiences waist pains and other complications, worsened by the lack of a car and funds for transportation. Monica lamented that Michael has not had therapy or medication for a long time because she used to pay the therapist GhS100 per session, an expense she can no longer afford. Her last visit to the hospital emphasized the need for therapy, as Michael was unresponsive. Monica noted that he shows improvement with consistent therapy sessions. Despite these hardships, Monica remains dedicated to her son’s well-being. She realizes that therapy significantly benefits Michael and hopes to resume it as soon as possible. Her story highlights the challenges faced by parents of children with special needs and underscores the urgent need for accessible healthcare and financial support for families like hers.

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Empowering Lives

Empowering Lives: Edwenase Home for Children with Special Needs

Edwenase is a nurturing facility for children and persons with special needs, where they are engaged in vocational skills training, including mat making, shoemaking, hairdressing, and dressmaking. We spoke to some of the dedicated facilitators at this remarkable housing facility to understand their challenges and joys in teaching these children. The dressmaking facilitator has been working at Edwenase for nearly 16 years. The hairdressing facilitator has been there for 17 years, while the shoemaking facilitator will mark his fourth year by November. Despite their long-term commitment, these facilitators face significant challenges, primarily due to limited tools and equipment necessary for training the children. The scarcity of materials and funds further aggravates the situation, making it difficult to sustain the vocational programs. They noted that access to industrial machines could greatly enhance productivity, allowing for large-scale operations. Teaching Challenges Teaching children with special needs comes with unique challenges. Facilitators often take more than a month to teach topics that would typically take 1-2 weeks. Some have even used their own money to buy machines for the children to ensure the continuity of the training programs. Communication is another major hurdle. For children unable to speak, facilitators use sign language, but their proficiency is limited, and only educated children can understand it. The uneducated ones rely on lip-reading or hand gestures to communicate. Joys and Rewards Despite these challenges, the facilitators find immense joy and satisfaction in their work. One facilitator expressed his love for teaching the kids and seeing them grasp new skills. Another mentioned the joy she feels every morning and even during vacations when she sees the kids. She revealed that with patience, the children master their skills. She further revealed that most of her outfits are sewn by the kids themselves. A fashion designer at the facility teaches the children bead making, turning them into bracelets, waist beads, neckpieces, and bags. She uses sign language to deliver her lessons and finds fulfillment in helping and working with children with special needs, especially knowing that some people discriminate against them. An empowerment ground with limitations Edwenase home for children with special needs stands to inspire hope and empower them. The facilitators’ dedication and patience in teaching vocational skills to these children are commendable. However, the challenges they face, particularly in terms of resources and communication, need urgent attention. By addressing these issues, we can ensure that children at Edwenase continue to learn, grow, and gain skills they need to lead productive and fulfilling lives.

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A Courageous Mother

A Courageous Mother: Felicia Unwavering Love for her son, Divine

Felicia Boamah, mother to young Divine, is deeply saddened by her son’s condition—cerebral palsy. She discovered Divine’s condition when he was six months old and noticed he could neither sit  nor walk. This was a shock, especially since her first child, a daughter, was born without any disorders. Upon seeking medical advice, Felicia was referred to a physiotherapist, which has since become a routine. Divine communicates his needs through cries and sounds. If he doesn’t make a sound in response to a request, it means he doesn’t need what is offered, whether it be food, water, or anything else. Sometimes, his sounds signal that he is tired and wants to change positions. Despite the physiotherapist’s advice not to worry, Felicia found it challenging to cope. She even considered quitting her job to care for Divine full-time. Public outings were difficult due to the stares they received, which made Divine uncomfortable and often angry. He avoids going to church but sometimes enjoys being outside or even accompanying his mother to work. Felicia has grown accustomed to the stares and is now convinced that God knows why she finds herself in this predicament. Financially, she has managed without support, relying on her faith for provision. Her main concern remains Divine’s inability to walk. However, Divine’s expressive sounds and his playful nature bring her joy and hope. His laughter, even after a fall, lightens her heart and strengthens her resolve. Felicia’s greatest wish for her son is to see him walk. She has seen videos on TikTok of children with similar conditions using wheelchairs, but they are often imported and scarce. Moreover, Divine is considered too young for a wheelchair. The physiotherapist has played a key role in Divine’s progress, offering encouragement and support. Felicia initially hesitated to have more children, but their presence has provided Divine with playmates who make him smile and boost his energy. Felicia urges other parents of children with special needs to ignore negative comments and pray for the strength to care for their children. She hopes for help in enabling Divine to walk, talk, and engage in playful activities like his siblings. Her steadfast love and dedication to her son serve as an inspiring demonstration of an optimistic mother who would go lengths to see her son recover.

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A Father’s Faith: Rev. Adogbla’s Journey with His Daughter Anita

Anita is a young girl with cerebral palsy. Her father, Rev. Samuel Adogbla, recounts the challenges in nurturing a child with such a condition, attributing Anita’s situation to a severe illness that befell her mother during pregnancy. Rev. Adogbla, a minister of the gospel, believes one of his primary responsibilities is to encourage his congregation. When Anita’s disorder was detected, he reassured himself that others in his church face similar challenges and decided to be thankful, leaving everything in God’s hands. He has taken Anita’s condition to the Lord in prayer, sought help from numerous hospitals, and even tried herbal remedies, but her condition remains unchanged. Despite this, his faith has been his strength. The Reverend describes his greatest challenge as a pastor is that, while his ministry has blessed others with similar issues, Anita’s condition persists. This has led him on several trips within Ghana to schools for children with special needs in Accra and Takoradi. These encounters highlighted how far behind the country is in supporting children like Anita. Rev. Adogbla fears for these children, as some people, due to lack of education and cultural beliefs, might resort to harming them. However, he remains hopeful for mankind and believes such thoughts are unjustifiable. After Anita’s mother passed away, life became even tougher for Rev. Adogbla. He struggles to leave Anita behind to attend to his daily activities and finding a babysitter has been challenging. He sought out a school for speech therapy for Anita, but the expenses were exorbitant. The school operates on an hourly basis, with additional costs for transportation, food, and study materials. “I have no funds anywhere and no one to turn to,” he laments. Rev. Adogbla also faces societal stigma. Babysitters often perceive Anita as cursed or a marine spirit, rooted in entrenched cultural beliefs. He finds this baseless and believes anyone could find themselves in such a situation. People with children like Anita are often disrespected, seen as coming from families with hereditary diseases.  Anita’s mother, who used to care for her, had to quit her job as a seamstress. Now, all household responsibilities fall on Rev. Adogbla. For the past 27 years, he has subsidized his ministerial work with farming to cater to Anita’s needs, including costly items like diapers. Rev. Adogbla would be extremely grateful if someone could help Anita talk or walk. Anita has developed a strong bond with her father, making it difficult for anyone else to care for her. This deepens Rev. Adogbla’s understanding of other parents with similar children, enabling him to counsel them effectively. Quoting Job 14:7, Rev. Adogbla believes that God works in mysterious ways and does not give burdens that one cannot handle. He encourages others in similar situations to depend on God, affirming that there is nothing you cannot do with faith. In the face of immense challenges, Rev. Adogbla’s story is one of grounded faith and resilience, a proof of the power of love and the strength found in faith.

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